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JOURNEY'S END (1930)
A Tiffany/Gainsborough Pictures Production
Directed by: James Whale
With:
Colin Clive, David Manners, Ian Maclaren, Anthony Bushell and
Billy Bevan
Adapted from R.C. Sheriff's successful British
play, Journey's End is an early Hollywood World War I tale directed
by James Whale, who would go on to much success as the director
of the horror classics Frankenstein, The Invisible Man, and Bride
of Frankenstein.
Against the background of life in the trenches of a group of
officers behind British lines at St. Quentin, France, the characters
live in a world of fear, disillusionment, precariousness, friendship,
loyalty, naivety, guilt, and abandon. Captain Stanhope, (Colin
Clive) company commander, long over the exuberance and assuredness
of the early war days, has taken to whisky as a solitary refuge
for the psychological strain he must endure with each new attack
order given from headquarters. The German machine guns are relentless
and the immobility of trench warfare results in countless deaths.
The men in his command see Stanhope's deterioration and regard
him with a mixture of respect and fear. Lieutenant Osborne, (Ian
Maclaren) an older officer, affectionately known as "uncle,"
provides Stanhope with the confidence and "willing ear"
he so desperately needs. Into this nightmare enters second Lieutenant
Raleigh, (DM) a young, inexperienced officer, whose sister is
Stanhope's love-interest back home and who is as enthusiastic
as his captain is bleak. Stanhope's already vitiating psyche
is further blighted by Raleigh's presence as he feels the young
officer must be judging him as an embittered, unreliable drunkard.
After many clashes and the death of Osborne on another raid,
Raleigh, himself, falls victim to the Hun and dies in Stanhope's
arms. Stanhope is left to his own inexorable fate.
While showing its stage roots, Journey's End is a riveting experience,
and its splendid cast enliven memorable characters. Colin Clive,
(himself a tortured alcoholic who died tragically at age thirty-seven)
creates an unforgettable Stanhope. Possessing a wonderfully tragic
and expressive face and an actor of sensitive yet forceful talent,
Clive is Stanhope down to the cigarette butt. DM, unceremoniously
walking into the role that all young Hollywood actors were coveting
at the time, portrays Raleigh with a youthful gleam that soon
turns into a more sober reality when he receives his "baptism
of fire." His death scene is both sincere and moving, thus
capping an auspicious film debut.
James Whale who directed Journey's End in London's West End imported
Clive from England to reprise his role of Stanhope. Interestingly,
Clive came from a prominent military family and had aspired to
such a career in his youth. Whale, himself a former British officer
and German prisoner of war, manages to bring his own understanding
of the relationships inherent in men living in the confines of
the trenches to the screen. Journey's End has not received the
time-honored accolades of its contemporary All Quiet on the Western
Front. However, its impact is just as potent and its performances
are more realistically intuitive.
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